From June 19th to 21st 2025, The 8th International Conference on Watermarks in Digital Collections was held at Edda in Reykjavik.

The event was organized by the research project ‘Life of Paper’ (The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies) in collaboration with Emanuel Wenger (Bernstein – Memory of Paper).

The programme was highly varied, featuring a total of 16 lectures, manuscript viewings, and an excursion.

Participants also carried out experiments in making seals from paper and wax, replicating methods first recorded to be used in Iceland in 1420.